10 July 2008
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Hybrid and Electric Vehicles Gaining Recognition Worldwide depending Continental’s Study
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Electric cars and vehicles with hybrid drive enjoy remarkable interest among motorists worldwide. A total of 36.0 percent of those surveyed were willing to buy a car with hybrid drive; more remarkably, 45.8 percent were interested in purchasing an electric car. Environmental considerations and increasing fuel prices were equally important motivators. These are the results of a representative survey – the first of its kind - carried out by the international automotive supplier Continental among more than 8,000 motorists in eight major international markets. "This trend holds great potential for us as an automotive supplier and provider of environmentally-friendly drive technologies," said Dr. Karl-Thomas Neumann, Executive Board member and Chief Technology Officer of Continental AG, at a press conference in Vienna, Austria.
At the beginning of this year, TNS/Infratest surveyed approximately 1,000 motorists each in China, Germany, France, UK, Japan, Austria, Switzerland and the USA on behalf of Continental AG. The study focused on the motorists' current state of knowledge and opinions of hybrid drive systems, their driving styles and their views on battery-powered cars.
45 percent of all motorists reported that increasing fuel prices have forced them to change their driving behavior to lower their fuel consumption. At 62.6 percent, the Japanese have changed their driving behavior the most in response to higher diesel and gasoline prices, followed by Germans at 55.2 percent.
The figure among Americans was 42.8 percent. Exception: 60 percent of the British and 48.9 percent of the Chinese do not adjust their driving behavior at all, even when faced with increasing fuel costs. "The vast majority of car drivers across the countries has realized that conventional fuels such as diesel and gasoline will become even more expensive in the future," commented Dr. Neumann on the current developments at the gas pump.
The upward trend in fuel prices is feeding greater interest in alternative drive systems, but the study indicates that awareness of such systems varies greatly around the world. About one in five motorists thinks immediately of hybrid drives, which combine a gasoline and electric engine. This type of drive is best-known among the Japanese at 46.9 percent. The British, however, are not the only ones with the need to catch up: only 3.9 percent are aware of this type of drive, placing them at the bottom in international comparison. Likewise, only 6.6 percent of Americans are familiar with the hybrid drive.
With an average recognition of 16.8 percent, the pure electric drive comes in second. Austrians and French at 33.3 percent and 31.7 percent, respectively, mentioned this variant even more frequently than the hybrid drive. Further fuel-efficient drive systems are diesel (14.1 percent) and cars powered by natural gas (11.4 percent). One noteworthy observation is that 81.7 percent of the Chinese knew nothing of fuel-efficient drives. When asked what they associate with hybrid technologies and hybrid drives, more than one-third (36.4 percent) of motorists state that the drives are a combination of electric and combustion engines. One in five referenced environmental and economic factors.
Hybrid drives present significant savings potential, especially in urban traffic. And it is in urban traffic where the vast majority of motorists can be found each day: 85.7 percent of motorists travel less than 30,000 kilometers a year, more than two thirds (69 percent) primarily in urban traffic. In Japan, 63.7 percent of motorists stated that they drive less than 10,000 kilometers per year, of which 63.7 percent were on short routes or in urban traffic. "Urban and short-route drivers can reduce their energy consumption by more than 25 percent using hybrid drives, while also reducing CO2 emissions," stated Dr. Neumann regarding advantages compared to conventional vehicles. "There is also tremendous potential for American drivers: almost two-thirds of all motorists there drive in urban traffic and/or on short routes."
A total of 36 percent of respondents are definitely interested and very likely to purchase a vehicle with hybrid drive. Respondents in high-growth coastal regions of China were even more enthused: After the technology is explained, more than half of Chinese motorists (53.8 percent) can imagine purchasing a hybrid vehicle. Only 27.4 percent of Germans – less than one-third – were prepared to make such a purchase decision. A majority of motorists would be interested, though, if the government provides tax incentives for the purchase of hybrid vehicles. More than half of the respondents (64.2 percent) would then consider purchasing a hybrid car. These incentives are even more decisive for Germans (66.6 percent), Austrians (67.6 percent) and British (69.6 percent).
Thus far, more than half of international motorists (58.1 percent) assume that environmentally friendly hybrid drives have higher purchase costs compared to conventional cars. French assume an average of €4,651 in additional costs, but they also expect the greatest reduction in cost at €4,411. Americans, in contrast, believe the purchase price to be €2,801 above that of conventional vehicles and expect cost savings of around €2,364. An average of 50.8 percent of motorists are not prepared to pay more for a hybrid vehicle. The other half could envision investing up to €2,781 in a more environmentally friendly vehicle.
"Our task is to highlight the additional benefits of alternative drives and to emphasize the added value for the motorist and the environment," said Dr. Neumann. The study also shows that attractive purchase costs are the strongest argument in favor of hybrid vehicles for 63.5 percent of respondents. 8 of 10 Japanese motorists (82.6 percent) even consider this the most important purchase criterion.
The environment is the second most-important factor for most Europeans. Except for a minority of respondents, Asians, Americans and British, in contrast, do not focus on this issue. "These results show that acting in an environmentally friendly way is also cost-efficient," explained Dr. Neumann. "The purchase costs alone should not be the decisive criterion and must be viewed long-term, where hybrid technologies and drives will bring significant savings for motorists who drive mainly in urban traffic."
When asked about the most interesting type of hybrid drive, motorists cited the lower fuel consumption on hybrid vehicles as the decisive criterion. 37.9 percent would opt for a hybrid with lower fuel consumption and acceleration that is the same or better than conventional engines. "This is just where hybrid drives perform best and really stand out," said Dr. Neumann. More than half of all motorists assume that the purchase of a hybrid vehicle pays off after around three years. "Americans surprised me on this point: 53.9 percent of respondents assume the purchase would pay off after just two years," said Dr. Neumann. "The results for the French were also interesting because 28.5 percent believed that the environmental and climate protection benefits of hybrid vehicles are more important than the reduced fuel costs."
The fast pace of development in lithium-ion battery technology – including contributions by Continental – is leading to increased interest in electric cars. Almost half of all motorists (45.8 percent) could "definitely," "very likely" or "somewhat likely" envision buying a car designed for urban traffic that runs exclusively on battery power and produces no emissions at all. The Swiss, Austrians and Germans all had average findings on this issue. The positive approach of Chinese motorists was remarkable, though. Three-quarters – 73.4 percent – have a very positive impression of this type of alternative drive, due presumably in part to its potential to reduce increasingly severe air pollution in their cities. Dr. Neumann announced that Continental will separately publish detailed, country-specific information in the foreseeable future and will provide the data to its customers who express interest.
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18 June 2008
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New Basic Function Controller from Continental
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Despite a certain degree of market saturation in North America, Western Europe and Japan, the worldwide car production will continue to increase – from 63 million in 2005 to a forecasted 74 million in 2013. The four major emerging countries Brazil, China, India and Russia will increase their share of the global car production from 14% at present to 20% in 2013.
In these and other emerging markets, low-cost cars with few extra features and simple (electric and electronic) functions will experience high growth rates. The scope of their electronics corresponds roughly to that of a European mid-range vehicle some 15 years ago. Typical body electronic functions today are for instance power windows with anti-pinch protection, ultrasonic parking assist systems, light management, remote control for central locking system, immobilizer or windscreen wipers.
Control devices for these body electronics functions need to be highly flexible and scalable. On the one hand, the car makers and their suppliers must react very quickly to the changing needs. On the other hand, the equipment features of low-cost cars depend on the respective market demands and differ considerably, depending on the export country. What is more, there is the increasing pressure on costs.
In response to these needs, Continental's Interior division engineers at the Shanghai location have developed a new control unit especially for the markets in the emerging countries: the Basic Function Controller. It replaces the individual relays required previously for functions such as blinker or wiper interval. The Basic Function Controller will be used for the first time in standard production at the end of 2008 by the Chinese car maker Geely. Other production start-ups at further Asian manufacturers are already in the pipeline.
For cost reasons, only functions that are found in at least 80 percent of low-cost cars are integrated as software modules in the Basic Function Controller. Functions that are low in demand are integrated into the electronics architecture as independent components. Integration possibilities are also provided in the software structure of the control unit so that it can take on further functions at a later point in time. The hardware is designed based on similar principles. For instance, the system no longer has any seldom used components. The control unit is geared closely to market needs and is cost optimized.
The design of the Basic Function Controller always depends on the equipment features of the vehicle and automaker's specifications. Continental and each car manufacturer work together to generate a customized control unit with precisely the standardized functions and hardware components required. To change a standard function later, the entire component is replaced. The new component can contain a new version of the standard function or also the standard function expanded with further functions. Minor deviations in the function requirements are realized in the function components by modifying parameters.
In this way, the vehicle is adapted quickly for other export markets with different requirements. To deal with especially challenging price demands in a local market, the range of functions is reduced accordingly or functions are simplified compared to their European versions. In connection with other control devices (such as for the instrument cluster or the engine), the Basic Function Controller allows for low-priced total solutions.
Of course, Continental makes no compromises on the new Basic Function Controller. All software functions and hardware components comply with the corporation's global quality guidelines. Continental guarantees a targeted development process by employing its own engineers locally at all key customers and involving them early on in the process. Specialized teams with extensive expertise are responsible for the entire product development directly in the new key markets. The engineers thus profit from the expert knowledge that is available and networked within the company at the global level. This guarantees shorter channels, speed and as a rule, production readiness in less than 12 months.
In general, Continental does not provide car manufacturers with products that are fully defined, especially in the interior electronics sector, but instead with extensive solutions including the integration. On the Basic Function Controller, the uncompromisingly cost-optimized total architecture was of top priority, whereby flexibility, scalability, functionality, reliability and safety were not disregarded. With this strategy, Continental can offer the best electronic concepts at the best price and of the best quality in the emerging countries.
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17 June 2008
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Cooperative project for electric powertrains between PSA Peugeot Citroën and Mitsubishi Motors Corporation
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PSA Peugeot Citroën and Mitsubishi Motors Corporation (MMC) announced today that both companies agreed to start a feasibility study on an extended technical collaboration in the field of electric powertrains. This project, which will run over several months, relates to the development, the manufacture and the use of an electric powertrain for small urban vehicles.
To step up the viability of electric vehicle projects and accelerate market introduction, the companies agreed that cooperation on electric vehicle development and production would be mutually beneficial.
This new agreement reinforces the bonds between the two manufacturers who, a week ago, laid the first stone of their joint Russian factory, in Kaluga (180 km south west of Moscow)
For PSA Peugeot Citroën, this agreement lies within the scope of its Strategy and Ambition plan covering 2010-2015, which should maintain the PSA Group’s leadership in environmentally friendly cars.
With an extensive knowledge of electric vehicles, PSA Peugeot Citroën is the largest global manufacturer of electric vehicles to date with more than 10 000 units sold. PSA Peugeot Citroën will bring to this project its expertise in the field of electric powertrains.
For MMC this agreement is consistent with its electric vehicle strategy.
MMC, aiming to become one of the leading car manufacturers of electric vehicles, has prioritized development of the i MiEV* new-generation electric vehicle for introduction to the market. MMC will launch the electric vehicle in the Japanese domestic market in 2009 and is considering a possible future introduction to Europe and the U.S.
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16 June 2008
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Production Begins for the New Honda FCX Clarity Fuel Cell Vehicle
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Today (Monday, 16 June), the FCX Clarity - Honda's advanced hydrogen fuel cell powered vehicle - came off the line at the world's first dedicated fuel cell vehicle manufacturing facility in Japan. After 19 years of development, the arrival of this ‘real world' fuel cell car marks the beginning of a new era of cleaner motoring.
The FCX Clarity - which emits only water from its exhaust pipe - was presented at a line-off ceremony at the Honda Automobile New Model Centre in Tochigi Prefecture, where Honda also showcased a number of the new production processes. Among the early adopters are the actress Jamie Lee Curtis and her filmmaker husband Christopher Guest, and film producer Ron Yerxa.
A new dedicated fuel cell vehicle assembly line has been established at the Honda Automobile New Model Center, which includes processes unique to a fuel cell vehicle such as the installation of the fuel cell stack and hydrogen tank. Honda Engineering Co., Ltd produces all fuel cell stacks itself, also in Tochigi. In manufacturing fuel cells, exclusively-designed automated equipment was introduced to ensure quality of the highest precision while enabling mass production of cells, with several hundred cells required for each fuel cell stack. Through these initiatives, Honda is making steady progress in the area of fuel cell vehicle production, in addition to fuel cell and fuel cell vehicle technologies, thereby moving closer to realising its goal to enable more widespread use of fuel cell vehicles.
The FCX Clarity was designed from scratch as a dedicated fuel cell vehicle. It is powered by the highly compact, efficient and powerful Honda V Flow fuel cell stack. Boasting a low-slung, dynamic and sophisticated appearance made possible by the innovative layout of the fuel cell power plant, the FCX Clarity offers superior design and driving performance as well as environmental responsibility. Lease sales are scheduled to begin in July in the U.S. and this fall in Japan. The combined sales plan for Japan and the U.S. calls for a few dozen units within a year and about 200 units within three years. Additionally, the FCX Clarity will be exhibited at the G8 Hokkaido Toyako Summit to begin July 7, as one of a group of advanced environmental technologies.
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12 June 2008
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Lighter and more compact hydrogen storage tanks
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BMW Group Forschung und Technik, the company’s research and technology arm, has been working with other car manufacturers to achieve an important step forward in hydrogen storage. Teaming up with partners, including some from the European aerospace industry, the engineers have developed a novel type of tank made of composite material for storing liquid hydrogen.
Thanks to its innovative concept, the weight of the entire tank system can be reduced to a third compared with conventional cylindrical steel tanks. Its adaptable form lends it a high degree of flexibility, allowing for significant energy savings. The subsidiary systems, moreover, are integrated inside the tank’s casing, which means the tank takes up less room in the car and maintenance is also made much easier. The inner tank is designed on a modular basis, simplifying the production process in comparison with existing hydrogen tanks.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Raymond Freymann, Director of BMW Group Forschung und Technik: “The demonstration model of the new free-form tank being presented marks an important step forward into the hydrogen future. Filled with ten kilograms of hydrogen, it could allow a range well in excess of 500 kilometres in a future vehicle.”
BMW Group Forschung und Technik is presenting the prototype of this innovative liquid hydrogen storage tank at the final event of the “StorHy” EU project in Poissy near Paris on 3 and 4 June 2008. In the past four and a half years BMW Group Forschung und Technik, along with 34 partners from the European aerospace industry, the automotive and supply industry, and leading universities and research institutes, has been investigating ways of advancing current hydrogen storage technologies (high-pressure, liquid and solid storage). The cost of the project was 18.7 million euros, with EU funding to the sum of 10.7 million euros.
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10 June 2008
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GM Announces new products and capacity adjustments
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GM gas announced a range of strategic initiatives to aggressively respond to growing demand for fuel-efficient vehicles and to economic and market challenges in North America. Rick Wagoner, GM chairman and CEO, made the announcements here as part of the GM annual meeting of stockholders.
In these initiatives, the Chevy Volt took a major step toward the showroom with formal approval by the GM board of funding for production of the extended-range electric vehicle. This approval, which includes funding for production development and tooling, indicates that GM leadership believes that the technology for the Volt, including its lithium-ion batteries, will be ready for volume production on schedule.
"The Chevy Volt is a go," said Wagoner, GM chairman and CEO. "We believe this is the biggest step yet in our industry's move away from our historic, virtually complete reliance on petroleum to power vehicles."
"We intend to show a production version of the Chevy Volt publicly in the very near future, and we remain focused on our target of getting the Volt into Chevrolet showrooms by the end of 2010," Wagoner said.
Preliminary plans are to produce the Volt at GM's Detroit-Hamtramck Assembly Center, subject to successful discussions with state and local governments.
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9 June 2008
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1000th GM-Allison hybrid-powered bus enters service in Las Vegas
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Milestone delivery caps a record-setting year for the GM-Allison hybrid EP-System , now operating in more than 70 cities in the US, Canada and Europe and saving an estimated 5 million litres of fuel every year.
Allison Transmission, a global provider of commercial duty automatic transmissions and hybrid propulsion systems, has announced that the 1000th city transit bus equipped with the two-mode GM-Allison Hybrid EP-System has entered service in Las Vegas.
The hybrid bus powertrain, manufactured and sold by Allison Transmission, was introduced in 2003. So far the Seattle King County Metro Transit Authority has made the biggest commitment to the system, ordering 500 of the hybrid buses. This latest landmark delivery is part of a fleet order by the Regional Transportation Commission of South Nevada (RTC) that will double its fleet of hybrid buses from 30 to 60 operating in the Las Vegas area.
The announcement is a fitting finale to what has been a record-setting year for the GM-Allison Hybrid EP-System. In 2007, more than 400 GM-Allison hybrid-powered buses were produced, with 360 units delivered to 36 cities - the highest annual totals since deliveries began in 2003. International sales of the system are growing since its European launch with Solaris at the IAA Show in September 2006. Solaris buses with the system are now operating across Germany and Switzerland in cities including Dresden, Leipzig, Lenzburg, and Bochum. The GM-Allison Hybrid EP-System has proven to deliver significant fuel saving benefits, lower emissions, and quiet operation.
The two-mode hybrid technology in the GM-Allison Hybrid EP-System has served as the starting point for General Motors' co-development with DaimlerChrysler and BMW Group of the two-mode hybrid system for passenger vehicles.
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23 Mai 2008
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Honda is to launch 3 news hybrids cars
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Honda is to launch an accessible hybrid car to allow more people around the world to adopt this motoring technology which reduces global car emissions. Going on sale early next year, Honda expects to sell 200,000 units globally of the new car annually.
The company will further accelerate hybrid sales by introducing a sporty hybrid based on its CR-Z, Civic Hybrid and the addition of a Jazz Hybrid model. With all four of these models, Honda expects combined annual sales of its hybrid models to reach 500,000 units.
The car will be a convenient and compact 5-door/5-passenger size with an exterior design that employs the concept of the FCX Clarity. Production costs will be significantly reduced with the new electronic control unit and battery made lighter and more compact. A thinner motor is also being produced in an improved manufacturing facility at Honda's Suzuka plant. With a completely new platform, Honda is to re-position the hybrid control unit and battery which will be located underneath the cargo space. Various technologies are also to be incorporated including a function to assist more fuel efficient driving in practical driving, so that customers can actually experience the excellent fuel efficiency of this vehicle.
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21 Mai 2008
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Fisker Automotive’s Karma plug-in hybrid Prototype on the Test Track for Initial Development
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Fisker Automotive, Inc. and Quantum Technologies announced today they are performing initial vehicle testing and fine tuning the battery software management system for the Fisker Karma plug-in hybrid production car. These initial test track developments are taking place in Southern California.
Three Fisker Karma prototypes have been built, and are currently undergoing testing for the electric powertrain developed by Quantum Technologies. Concurrently, the Fisker Automotive engineering team is working on crash test simulation. Further validation and certification on the vehicles will be performed over the coming months.
"We are very excited about the initial test results of the Fisker Karma prototype," said Henrik Fisker, CEO, Fisker Automotive. "The vehicle dynamics and fuel economy have performed better than expected and we remain on target for our fourth quarter 2009 initial delivery."
In sport mode the Fisker Karma will offer a continuous top speed of 125 miles per hour (200km/h). Electric only, or stealth mode, is capped at 95 miles per hour (150 km/h). Preliminary testing of the lithium-ion battery that powers the Fisker Karma has indicated a life expectancy of more than 10 years.
Configured to meet the demands of today’s driver, the Fisker Karma’s proprietary design allows consumers to drive the car emission free for up to 50 miles a day provided the car is charged every evening. With more than 80 percent of daily commuters driving less than 50 miles (80 km) a day, consumers who drive the Fisker Karma could conceivably only need to refuel the car but once a year.
Fisker Automotive is preparing to deliver its first Premium Edition vehicles by fourth quarter 2009. Currently, Fisker Automotive has received more than 500 orders for the Fisker Karma since its 2008 debut at the North American International Auto Show (NAIAS) in January. Fisker Automotive will reach a full production of 1,250 vehicles per month by the end of 2010. The starting estimated MSRP for the Fisker Karma will be approximately $80,000 or EURO 80,000.
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20 Mai 2008
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ZF Inaugurates New Production Location for Electric Drives
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 ZF's Dynastar
From the fourth quarter of 2008, hybrid modules with the product name DynaStart will be produced in volume production on a production surface of 1,200 square meters and shipped to customers. Currently, there are eight volume production development projects for four vehicle manufacturers; production will be launched between 2008 and 2012. To begin with, ZF is launching an annual production volume of altogether 35,000 units. The production volume in the now inaugurated hall can be extended flexibly up to a maximum of 200,000 units per year, which are then produced by approximately 50 employees.
The electric motors which are produced by ZF Sachs, the Powertrain and Suspension Components division of ZF Friedrichshafen AG, in Schweinfurt were developed especially for the integration into the driveline and are ideally suited for parallel hybrid drives. This concept allows for 30 percent fuel savings and emission reductions, depending on whether the vehicle is equipped with a mild hybrid or a full hybrid system.
These savings are based on the traditional hybrid functionalities, which can be implemented with the DynaStart by ZF Sachs: With the start/stop function, the combustion engine switches off during standstill, the electric motor lets the vehicle start, and the combustion engine is not activated before the optimal engine speed is attained. The electric motor is also capable of braking down the vehicle; in this process, it acts as a generator and transforms kinetic energy into electric power which can be stored in the battery ("recuperation"). Moreover, the high-torque module supports the combustion engine during acceleration by taking the energy from the intermediate storage, meaning that driving pleasure does not come off badly ("boosting").
With the parallel hybrid – contrary to the more complex concepts of series and power-split hybrids – only one electric motor feeds power into the driveline and this is done in parallel to the combustion engine, so the engine can be designed smaller with the same savings potential which is more favorable for the overall system.
Depending on the application and customer requirements, ZF can produce hybrid modules at the new production location, featuring capacities between 10 and 100 kW and a maximum torque of 100 to 1000 Nm. In the mild hybrid version, the DynaStart allows for start/stop operation as well as recuperation.
As the two electric motors are installed on the crankshaft or transmission input shaft, between the engine and the transmission, know-how in terms of vibration damping was essential for the development of the DynaStart. The hybrid module is adapted to existing installation space conditions and the vibration and lurch movements as they occur in the drivelines of diesel and gasoline engines. As a manufacturer of torque converters and dual-mass flywheels, ZF Sachs has decades of experience and high innovative power with damping of torsional vibrations in the driveline.
In addition to international manufacturers, also other ZF Group divisions will draw back on the core component from Schweinfurt in order to offer passenger car and commercial vehicle transmissions with hybrid technology.
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7 Mai 2008
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ZF's 8-speed automatic transmission Quickstart allows Stop-start
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In the future, a hydraulic impulse storage can be integrated in the new generation of ZF's 8-speed automatic transmissions. It supplies the hydraulic oil that the transmission's shift elements need for starting. When the engine is switched off, it allows for a quick start – as it is required with the start/stop function. Already 350 milliseconds after starting the engine, the vehicle is ready for setting off. With the start/stop function of the hydraulic impulse oil storage, it is possible to reduce fuel consumption by another 5%. Compared with the worldwide most efficient 6-speed automatic transmission by ZF, the newly developed 8-speed automatic transmission saves another 11%.
Technical innovations which allow for fuel savings without a loss in comfort: This requirement is met by the 8-speed automatic transmission, also as a micro hybrid version. If, for example, the engine is switched off at red traffic lights, start and further driving must take place with the same dynamics as with a vehicle that does not feature a start/stop function. One problem in this case is the oil supply of the transmission because, when the engine is off, the transmission hydraulics are not supplied with pressure. In contrast to vehicles which stop with a running engine, the automatic transmission's shift elements, that are required for setting off, cannot be activated during standstill.
This is where the hydraulic impulse oil storage from ZF comes into play. It is a spring piston accumulator which fills with oil and tensions the spring during operation. When the engine starts up, this "reserve" of around 100 milliliters is supplied to the hydraulics - in a flash - to supply oil to the shift elements in the transmission which are needed for setting off. Thus, the vehicle is ready to move already 350 milliseconds after starting up the engine. Without the hydraulic impulse oil storage, this would take approximately 800 milliseconds, leading to a loss in driving dynamics which the driver can notice.
The component presented by ZF at the Vienna Motor Symposium is approximately 19 centimeters long and has a diameter of five centimeters; it can be installed behind the hydraulic control unit in the standard installation space of the 8-speed automatic transmission.
The hydraulic impulse oil storage makes more complex solutions obsolete, such as a more powerful oil pump in the transmission or an electric hydraulic pump. As a larger dimensioned transmission oil pump would considerably neutralize the fuel savings in continuous operation, an electric pump is an additional burden on the main power supply, has disadvantages in terms of noise, and leads to a considerably higher integration effort. In contrast, with the hydraulic impulse oil storage, ZF engineers have already considered the lowest possible system costs and easy installation of the unit. Other expensive adaptations of the transmission are not required; after all, with the new development of the transmission, ZF engineers have already considered the integration of the hydraulic impulse oil storage by ensuring a favorable design of the components and the respective routing.
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3 Mai 2008
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PSA Peugeot Citroën and Intelligent Energy unveil H2Origin electric/fuel-cell vehicle
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In Loughbourough, near Birmingham, UK, PSA Peugeot Citroën and Intelligent Energy today presented the results of their joint H2Origin research project, aimed at fitting an advanced technology fuel cell stack into a zero-emissions urban delivery van to power its electric drivetrain. The three-year partnership has culminated in the development of the Peugeot Partner H2Origin technology demonstrator, whose batteries receive electric energy from Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells as range extender.
This new-generation 10 kW system delivers several important benefits:
- A range of 300 km, three times that of a conventional battery-powered EV.
- Compact design for both the fuel cell stack and ancillary equipment, enabling integration into the front engine bay in place of the internal combustion engine.
- Vehicle start at temperatures as low as -20°C, representing a major advance for a fuel-cell powered vehicle.
A groundbreaking 700-bar hydrogen storage system also enhances mobility and makes the vehicle easier to operate:
- 70% more hydrogen can be carried on board, without any increase in the size or weight of the storage tanks.
- Range is extended, without having to plug the vehicle into a power source to recharge the batteries, enabling it to be used in a wider variety of applications.
- The hydrogen tanks are mounted on a sliding rack under the rear cargo area, making it fast and easy to swap in new ones. This offers a practical alternative to refueling at a service station and eliminates a major obstacle to the development of hydrogen vehicles.
With the Peugeot Partner H2Origin, PSA Peugeot Citroën is demonstrating its commitment to actively exploring potential solutions in an area that holds considerable promise among the various automotive energy paradigms emerging as a new century unfolds. This technology intelligence process is in line the consensus among experts and industry observers that mass production automotive fuel cells could become a reality towards 2020.
There are still major obstacles that must be overcome, including costs that preclude affordable use in automobiles and the size and weight of the hydrogen tanks. What’s more, the use of hydrogen as a fuel source is still in its infancy, and moving forward will require a commitment by governments and supranational organizations, as well as a shift in energy policy, none of which the automobile industry can control.
H2Origin is the sixth fuel-cell vehicle built by PSA Peugeot Citroën since 2000.
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26 April 2008
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Fiat Automobiles sets the European record for reducing CO2 emissions
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Among the ten biggest-selling automotive manufacturers in Europe, Fiat Automobiles is the brand that recorded the lowest average CO2 emission value for Fiat vehicles sold in 2007: 137.3 g/km. This record was awarded by the company JATO, world leader for consultancy and research in the automotive field, set up in 1984 and present in more than 40 countries.
The JATO analysis placed the Fiat brand ahead of Peugeot (141.9 g/km), Citroen (142.2 g/km), Renault (146.4 g/km), Toyota (148,8 g/km), Ford (149.1 g/km), Opel/Vauxhall (152.9 g/km), Volkswagen (161.7 g/km), BMW (176.7g/km) and Mercedes (188.4 g/km).
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18 April 2008
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200 teams on track to compete in Shell Eco-marathon Europe 2008
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This year's edition of the Shell Eco-marathon Europe promises to be one of the toughest competitions yet. After an intense selection process involving well over 300 applications, the Shell Eco-marathon Selection Committee invited 200 teams to participate in this year's quest for fuel efficiency taking place from 22 to 24 May at the Nogaro Motor Circuit in France. When making their selection, the Committee wanted to ensure the highest levels of safety on and off the track and as much diversity as possible in terms of competing countries, education institutions, fuel categories and engine types. Looking at the figures below, it's safe to say that the Committee accomplished its mission.
This year's Shell Eco-marathon Europe will consist of:
- 200 teams representing 25 different countries - an increase of 25% participating countries compared to last year
- 4 new European countries entering the competition: Bulgaria (1 team), Hungary (2 teams), Ukraine (2 teams) and 1 team from the UK re-entering the Shell Eco-marathon Europe after being absent for a number of years
- 2 new non-European countries entering the competition: Iran (1 team) and Morocco (1 team)
- Vehicle categories: 75% Prototypes; 25% UrbanConcept vehicles - an increase of the UrbanConcept category of 40% compared to last year, demonstrating once again the increasing popularity of this category
- 4 fuel categories: gasoline, diesel, LPG and alternative energy sources including bio fuels, hydrogen, Gas To Liquid (GTL) and solar - alternative energies being the second most popular category after gasoline
- Total team selection consists of one third secondary schools and two thirds universities Technology meets sustainable development
The Shell Eco-marathon is a great example of the interaction between the academic world and the industry. With mounting pressure to achieve higher efficiency and sustainability standards, the vehicles and technologies used in the Shell Eco-marathon can be a valuable source of inspiration for the automobile and energy industries. In light of this and with 2 increasing global awareness, students can now also look at these industries for inspiration on engine technologies or vehicle design. "It's interesting to note that in this year's UrbanConcept category, we see the arrival of several hybrid vehicles. These vehicles combine a combustion engine, a hydrogen fuel cell or a solar panel with an electric accumulator - in most cases a supercondensator - to optimize their energy management during the race", explains Vincent Tertois, Technical Manager of the Shell Eco-marathon and member of the Selection Committee. "These days, the development of hybrid systems is one of the biggest priorities for car manufacturers. It proves once again that the students taking part in the Shell Eco-marathon indeed address real issues and follow the current industry trends", Vincent Tertois stated. One example is the KTH Stockholm team from Sweden. These students use a HCCI hybrid engine for their UrbanConcept vehicle. According to several experts and media reports, HCCI or Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition is one of the most important evolutions in engine technology in recent years.
Since its start in 1985, the Shell Eco-marathon has become more and more successful both in France and beyond. This year's 200 teams from 25 participating countries are quite an evolution compared to the 4 countries and 25 teams back in 1985. There is no doubt that the Shell Eco-marathon has truly become a European event. Going forward, Shell wants to match this Europeanization by bringing the spirit of the event to new locations and give the opportunity to new teams to compete in the fuel efficiency challenge. After careful evaluation of several circuits in Europe on a number of specific technical and safety requirements Shell decided to hold the 2009 edition of the Shell Eco-marathon Europe at the Hockenheim circuit in Germany. In addition to its European status and central location, the circuit meets all the technical, safety and infrastructural conditions required to run a similarly successful event to the one organised at the Nogaro Motor Circuit in France.
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16 April 2008
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Ford Explorer America
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 Ford Explorer America
The Explorer America concept delivers an approximately 20 to 30 percent fuel-economy improvement – depending on engine selection – while providing room for six and their gear, along with moderate towing and off-roading capabilities.
The concept aims to highlight a number of innovations tied to Ford’s systems approach, including:
- A powertrain lineup that includes a 4-cylinder 2-liter engine with EcoBoost technology delivering 275 hp and 280 lb.-ft. of torque or, as a premium engine, a 3.5-liter V-6 delivering about 340 hp. Depending on engine selection, fuel-efficiency will improve by 20 to 30 percent versus today’s V-6 or V-8 Explorer
- Migration from current body-on-frame to unibody construction, reducing weight and delivering superior driving dynamics
- A fuel-efficient 6-speed transmission with auto shift control, allowing the driver to select and hold a lower gear with just the turn of a dial when conditions warrant it
- A weight reduction of 150 pounds for the V-6 version thanks to its downsized – yet superior performing – engine, as well as more lightweight materials, suspension and chassis components
- Fuel-saving electric power assisted steering (EPAS) and other engine actions that deliver a fuel savings benefit of about 5 percent. Between 80 to 90 percent of Ford, Lincoln and Mercury vehicles will have EPAS by 2012
- Aerodynamic and other parasitic improvements that add up to a 5 percent fuel economy gain
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27 March 2008
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Mercedes-Benz S 400 BlueHYBRID with lithium-ion battery
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Daimler AG will be one of the world’s first manufacturers to have succeeded in adapting lithium-ion technology to the demanding requirements of automotive applications. Until now, the technology has been used primarily in consumer electronics. The new battery will be used in the series-production S 400 BlueHYBRID beginning next year.
The engineers’ success is above all a result of the Daimler-developed integration of the lithium-ion battery into the vehicle’s climate control system. This ensures that the battery always works at optimal system temperatures of between 15 and 35°C, which in turn makes it possible for the battery to provide long service life and maximum performance.
The main advantages offered by the newly developed lithium-ion battery are its very compact dimensions and its far superior performance compared to conventional nickel-metal hydride batteries. The power/volume ratio of the entire battery is 1,900 watts per liter (W/L). What’s more, the battery stands out by virtue of its high ampere-hour efficiency, long service life, and great reliability, even at very low temperatures. Its high level of safety is the equal of that provided by today’s auto batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are ideally suited for use in hybrid vehicles to help reducing fuel consumption and thus also CO2 emissions. At the same time, the Daimler engineers are investigating to what degree this technology can be applied to other vehicle concepts, such as electric and fuel cell-powered cars.
The S 400 BlueHYBRID consumes only 7.9 liters of gasoline per 100 km in the NEDC. This results in very low CO2 emissions of only 190 grams per kilometer, a very low value for this vehicle class and power class, making the S 400 BlueHYBRID the world’s most economical luxury sedan - unrivaled by any gasoline, diesel, or hybrid drive system offered by any competitor.
And S 400 BlueHYBRID drivers will still enjoy impressive performance: combined with the hybrid module, the maximum output is 220 kW/299 hp, and the corresponding maximum torque is 375 Nm. The S 400 BlueHYBRID accelerates from zero to 100 km/h in 7.3 seconds on its way to an electronically limited top speed of 250 km/h.
Even more potential is offered by the combination of clean BlueTec diesel technology with a hybrid module, a duo that is featured in the S 300 BlueTec HYBRID, for example.
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25 March 2008
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LANXESS: AGQM certification for Baynox plus
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Specialty chemicals group LANXESS AG has been awarded the much sought-after certification from the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Qualitätsmanagement Biodiesel e.V. (AGQM) for its new biodiesel stabilizer Baynox plus. In a six-month practical study, the premium product proved its effectiveness and showed no interaction with other additives. Even at a dose of 100 ppm, which corresponds to just 100 grams per ton of biodiesel, Baynox plus increased the stability of the environmentally friendly fuel considerably and extended its storage capability significantly.
Baynox plus is ideal in particular for biodiesel made from vegetable oils containing a large quantity of polyunsaturated fatty acids. This stabilizer was developed by LANXESS to supplement Baynox, previously the only biodiesel stabilizer to be approved by the German mineral oil providers. Baynox plus is designed to reliably stabilize and extend the storage life of highly oxidation-sensitive biodiesels made from soybean, sunflower and even jatropha oil.
If the plant’s natural antioxidant, vitamin E, is not present in sufficient quantities, the resulting environmentally friendly fuel can oxidize and go rancid just like vegetable oils. When this happens, free fatty acids and polymers form in the biodiesel, which can lead to corrosion and deposits in the engine. Baynox, the butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) from LANXESS, has been awarded “no harm” status by the German mineral oil industry. This shows that the biodiesel stabilizer can be used to enhance the shelf life of pure biodiesel and B5 blends with mineral diesel. “Our products are of a consistently high quality, do not contain sulfur or nitrogen, and combust without leaving residues in the engine,” says Dr. Axel Ingendoh, the developer of biodiesel stabilizers.
“Although last year saw a drop in the market demand for biodiesel in Germany due to the tax placed on pure biodiesel, with some manufacturers even having to cut down on overcapacities, worldwide demand for biodiesel remained high,” says Ralf Krüger, head of Marketing for Chlorotoluenes & Derivatives in the Basic Chemicals business unit, adding: “We anticipate sustained strong market growth for the global Baynox business in the next few years. In the near future, biodiesel will be made from “non-edible oils” instead of edible vegetable oils, which will boost our market growth considerably. This development will offer great potential for Baynox plus.” As Ingendoh explains: “Biodiesel made from non-edible oils, such as jatropha from India and Africa and karanja from China, is very sensitive to oxidation, which means that it will not have a sufficiently long storage capability without our highly effective stabilizer Baynox plus.”
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12 March 2008
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Next-Generation GM Hybrid System Announced in Geneva
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As another key element in its overall global strategy to improve fuel economy and reduce oil consumption and CO2 emissions, General Motors Chairman Rick Wagoner has announced that GM will introduce a second-generation version of the GM Hybrid System with a new, more powerful lithium-ion battery.
Hitachi Vehicle Energy Ltd., a subsidiary of Tokyo-based Hitachi Ltd., will supply an advanced lithium-ion battery, which will help make the next-generation GM Hybrid System nearly three times more powerful than the system it replaces. Overall fuel economy improvements for cars and trucks using the system are expected to be up to 20 percent, depending on engine and vehicle application.
The next-generation GM Hybrid System will build upon the successful belt-alternator-starter hybrid technology currently available in the Saturn Vue, Saturn Aura and Chevrolet Malibu. By building on this proven technology, Wagoner said, GM will be able to make the GM Hybrid System more cost-effective and expand its application in GM’s global vehicle portfolio.
“In order to have a real impact in reducing oil consumption, oil imports, and CO2 emissions, advanced technologies must be affordable enough to drive high-volume applications,” he said. “We plan to roll out this next-generation hybrid technology globally, across our brands and regions, starting in 2010 in North America, and we expect that volumes will eventually exceed 100,000 units annually.”
The next-generation GM Hybrid System will complement GM’s widely acclaimed Two-Mode Hybrid system as part of the company’s advanced powertrain portfolio. The Two-Mode Hybrid system debuted in 2007 in the Chevrolet Tahoe and GMC Yukon, and will be offered this year in the Cadillac Escalade full-size SUV and the Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra full-size pickups. The first front-wheel-drive application of the Two-Mode Hybrid system will debut in the 2009 Saturn Vue Green Line.
The increased power from the lithium-ion battery will allow the next-generation GM Hybrid System to be used in a wide range of global powertrains, including naturally aspirated engines, new high-efficiency turbocharged engines, bio-fuel engines and diesels.
This technology is showcased in the Saab 9-X BioPower Hybrid concept car, which debuted today at the Geneva Motor Show. The Saab concept is capable of 117 g CO2/km, or projected fuel consumption of just 4.9 l/100 km (48 mpg) when running on gasoline over the combined cycle.
The next-generation GM Hybrid System helps optimize fuel efficiency and reduce emissions by:
- Turning the engine off at idle
- Offering brief electric-only propulsion
- Using a more powerful electric motor to enhance engine efficiency
- Extending fuel cutoff during deceleration
- Extending regenerative braking to recapture more energy
- Performing intelligent hybrid battery charging
For additional energy savings, an advanced six-speed automatic transmission also may be used, depending on the vehicle application.
The current GM Hybrid System was introduced in 2006 on the Saturn Vue Green Line SUV, which remains the lowest-priced hybrid SUV in the U.S., starting at a $25,995 MSRP. Shanghai GM announced in January that the Buick LaCrosse Eco-Hybrid sedan will be the first application for the current GM Hybrid System in Asia-Pacific.
By the end of 2008, GM will offer eight hybrid models in North America and nine worldwide. GM will introduce 16 new hybrid vehicles over the next four years.
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10 March 2008
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Volvo Car Corporation launches unique cooperation for the development of plug-in hybrid cars in Sweden
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Together with electricity provider Vattenfall, Saab Automobile, ETC and the Swedish state, Volvo Car Corporation is launching a joint broad-based research venture to develop spearhead technology in the area of plug-in hybrid cars. Sweden will be the arena for the field tests.
"I see this project as a positive further development of sustainable personal transport. We have a unique opportunity to take the lead when it comes to innovations for advanced green-car technology", says Fredrik Arp, President and CEO of Volvo Car Corporation.
The aim of the project, which is being carried out jointly by Volvo Car Corporation, Saab Automobile, Vattenfall and ETC, is to develop and demonstrate the next-generation hybrid cars. A fleet of 10 plug-in hybrids will be produced that can be recharged directly from the mains wall socket.
"We want to be involved in setting up the rules for the future and to help build up broad-based competence in Sweden in this vital area," says Fredrik Arp.
Over a five-year period, Volvo will invest just over 11 billion SEK in development aimed at reducing fuel consumption and emissions. Volvo already offers its customers one of the industry's widest ranges of Flexifuel engines. In parallel the company is continuing to enhance the efficiency of its petrol- and diesel-powered cars. 2008 will see the launch of car models that release less than 120 grams of carbon dioxide per kilometre.
Volvo is also focusing intensively on hybrid technology. In the medium term the company will introduce hybrid variants where an electric motor supports the combustion engine. In the longer term, plug-in hybrids will be introduced. One example of this was presented in autumn 2007 with the Volvo C30 ReCharge Concept. Used in the most effective way, this concept car cuts emissions of carbon dioxide by about 65 percent compared with the hybrid cars available on the market today. And if the electricity comes from CO2-sustainable sources such as hydropower and windpower, this figure improves still further.
"Within the next decade, electric vehicles are going to be needed if we are to meet forthcoming CO2 legislation," says Fredrik Arp.
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18 February 2008
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Continental Launches Production of Lithium-Ion Battery
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The international automotive supplier Continental will launch first-time volume production of a high-performance lithium-ion battery for hybrid vehicles at the end of the present year. It will be used in the Mercedes S 400 BlueHYBRID. “This marks an important breakthrough for Continental as supplier of battery systems. In the next few years we will be launching production of further lithium-ion energy storage devices for mild- and full-hybrid and electric-powered vehicles,” says Continental Executive Board member Dr. Karl-Thomas Neumann.
“Lithium-ion technology is viewed as the key to the success of the hybrid and electric drive systems in motor vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries have a higher energy density, and thus a wider range, than those based on conventional nickel metal hybrid technology. The power output of the battery determines the overall performance of the vehicle as well as the potential for lower emissions and for possible fuel savings. In so far it also has a significant role to play in reducing CO2," explains Dieter Rogge, head of Continental's Powertrain division, which has developed and will supply ultramodern and innovative technology.
Aside from the lithium-ion battery, Continental also supplies the inverter and the DC/DC converter for the Mercedes S 400 BlueHYBRID. The inverter controls the flow of energy between the electric motor and the hybrid battery. The DC/DC converter is the link between the hybrid battery and the vehicle’s standard electric system and thus makes possible the elimination of the conventional generator.
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29 January 2008
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Toyota to Start Sales of Lithium-ion Plug-in Hybrids by 2010
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Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) announced that it plans to commence sales of lithium-ion battery-equipped plug-in hybrid vehicles to fleet customers in the United States and elsewhere by 2010. To this end, TMC and the Matsushita Group are currently investigating the feasibility of mass production of lithium-ion batteries at the Omori Plant in central Japan of their joint-venture company, Panasonic EV Energy Co., Ltd.
The announcement represents the next step toward the popularization of plug-in hybrid vehicles, following the start in 2007 of public-road verification tests of Toyota nickel-metal hydride battery-equipped plug-in hybrid vehicles in the Japan, the U.S. and Europe. In the U.S., such tests began in November with the cooperation of the University of California, Berkeley and the University of California, Irvine under the State of California’s Alternative Fuel Incentive Program.
TMC will continue to engage in the development of various advanced technologies toward the realization of a world of sustainable mobility in which people and the environment can coexist and believes it is important to increase the availability of such technologies in the marketplace. In addition to plug-in hybrid vehicles, TMC is progressing in its engagements regarding fuel cell hybrid vehicles, flexible-fuel vehicles, diesel engines and others and, in the near future, intends to offer a newly developed clean diesel V8 engine in the “Tundra” full-size pickup truck and “Sequoia” full-size SUV sold in North America.
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27 January 2008
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Bolloré Group officially opened its first supercapacitor industrial production unit
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BatScap, a subsidiary of the Bolloré Group employing more than 150 researchers, engineers and technicians has developed high-performance energy storage components: Lithium Metal Polymer (LMP) batteries and supercapacitors. LMP batteries arrive at the end of development cycle, LMP are now set to enter mass production.
At this stage, the total investment is €36 million. The first industrial production line, with a maximum capacity of one million units per year has been installed at the Bolloré group’s Ergué-Gabéric site, alongside the production units for capacitor components.
Supercapacitors absorb and supply high amounts of electrical power over a very short time (a few seconds or tens of seconds). This technology enters directly in competition with battery for hybrids and fuel cells vehicles. The energy recovery function of supercapacitors is also extremely useful in the industrial field, to optimise the energy consumption of handling equipment, cranes and lifts.
Yvonnick Gazeau | | Top of page |
22 January 2008
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Johnson Controls-Saft to Supply Lithium-ion Batteries for SAIC Motor Corporation and Mercedes
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Johnson Controls-Saft Advanced Power Solutions has been selected by SAIC Motor Corporation Ltd. to supply lithium-ion batteries for its demonstration fleet of new energy vehicles. The demonstration fleet is helping to usher in a new age of extremely fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly, urban transportation in the People's Republic of China.
"Fuel efficiency and reduced emissions are becoming increasingly important to consumers who want to make smart purchasing decisions," said Mary Ann Wright, who leads the Johnson Controls-Saft joint venture and is vice president and general manager of Johnson Controls' hybrid battery business. "As we work to commercialize hybrids globally, it is critical that we partner with our customers to advance the energy efficiency of the vehicle." The lithium-ion battery systems will be produced in Milwaukee, WI, USA. The batteries will be in demonstration vehicles in early 2008.
Johnson Controls will supply also Lithium-ion Batteries for the future Mercedes S400 hybrid. Batteries will be produced at Nersac in France and assembled at Hanovre in Germany.
Yvonnick Gazeau | | Top of page |
22 January 2008
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Renault-Nissan and Project Better Place prepare for first mass marketed electric vehicles
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In a significant move towards reducing CO2 car emissions as well as particles pollution, the Renault-Nissan Alliance and Project Better Place engage in a breakthrough with electric vehicles in Israel. The solution framework comes in response to the Israeli State’s challenge to the auto industry and its supply chain to migrate the country’s transportation infrastructure to renewable sources of energy.
For the first time in history, all the conditions necessary for electric vehicles to be successfully mass-marketed will be brought together in a partnership between the Renault-Nissan Alliance and Project Better Place in Israel. The Israeli government would provide tax incentives to customers, Renault would supply the electric vehicles, and Project Better Place would construct and operate an Electric Recharge Grid across the entire country.
Renault’s vehicles will run on pure electricity for all functions. The objective of zero emissions will be achieved, while at the same time offering driving performances similar to a 1.6 liter gasoline engine. Renault’s electric vehicles will be equipped with lithium-ion batteries, ensuring greater driving range and longevity.
For the first time in the electric vehicle business, ownership of the car is separated from the requirement to own a battery. Consumers will buy and own their car and subscribe to energy, including the use of the battery, on a basis of kilometers driven. This model is similar to the way mobile phones are sold, with an initial purchase and a monthly subscription for the mobility service.
The vehicle will be available for customers in 2011 and should be a Renault Megane platform. For a next future, a dedicated car will develop, especially to resolve the constraint of weight and volume of batteries.
Yvonnick Gazeau | | Top of page |
21 January 2008
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Ferrari at the 2008 Detroit North American International Auto Show
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Ferrari has chosen Detroit as the venue for the presentation at a biofuel-powered F430 Spider in recognition of growing interest in North America in alternative sources of energy. The development of an engine powered by the biofuel E85 comes as part of a research and development program announced during the Technological Innovation Conference held at Maranello last June as part of our 60th Anniversary Celebrations. On that particular occasion, Ferrari also unveiled projects focused on improving the energy of the whole car which would in turn lower fuel consumption and emissions levels. The ultimate aim being, of course, to cut the latter by 40% by 2012.
By developing this technological demonstration prototype, Ferrari has proved category that it can offer the technological solutions demanded by the market demands without impinging on the distinctly sporty, high performance character and supreme driving pleasure of the unique cars it builds at Maranello.
In the case of the F430 Spider Biofuel, certain modifications were made to the fuel feed system and most importantly to the engine CPU to allow the engine use E85. Developing the CPU, two fuels (Flex Fuel) can be used by the engine with the same compression ratio. All of the other technical characteristics have remained unchanged with respect to a standard production engine, however. The use of this type of biofuel and the modifications made have resulted in a significant increase in maximum power output (+ 10 hp at the same rpm) and torque (+ 4%) yet overall weight was unchanged. The advantages to the environment translate too into a 5% drop in CO2 emissions.
FXX Program extended The innovative FXX Program based on the eponymous prototype launched by Ferrari in June 2005 has been extended to 2008/2009. The FXX was the showcase for the most advanced technologies ever developed at Maranello and has been updated with an Evolution package that further improves its handling and performance. The package itself was developed as a result of Ferrari's collaboration with the FXX owners, the Client Test Drivers, plus some invaluable input from none other than Michael Schumacher. The updated FXXs all boast a new livery and modified rear wing profiles. The FXX Evolution package includes participation in a series of track events which Ferrari is organizing on several international class circuits around the world in 2008/2009. There will be six events each year (two in North America, two in Europe and two in Asia) in addition to appearances at the now-traditional Ferrari World Finals which mark the close of each competitive season. The North American track events scheduled for this year take place at Mont Tremblant (Canada) and Laguna Seca (California), on the weekends of July 20th and August 10th respectively.
See our document The evolution of the Ferrari’s aerodynamics in the last 20 years.
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21 January 2008
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GM NIAS Vehicles Are Driven By Design, Technology And Lower Environmental Impact
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General Motors will introduce several vehicles among its Cadillac, Saab and Saturn brands at the 2008 North American International Show. GM’s NAIAS portfolio emphasizes design and technology that deliver capability and performance while reducing environmental impact. The show opens to the public on Jan. 19.
“We intend to continue the buzz we created last year with the announcement of transformational technologies such as our E-Flex electric propulsion system,” said Mark LaNeve, GM North America vice president, vehicle sales, service and marketing. “The cars and trucks we’re bringing to Detroit this year combine exquisite design and technologies that deliver what customers want while saving fuel and reducing emissions.”
One of the vehicles making its world premiere is the 2009 Chevrolet Corvette ZR1, an American supercar that establishes new benchmarks for production-based technology, power and performance. It was unveiled at the exclusive GM Style party on Saturday night and hits dealerships this summer.
Other introductions include the HUMMER HX concept, an E85-capable vehicle featuring a design based on the ideas developed by a trio of young designers who are new to the HUMMER studio; and a bioethanol concept by Saab.
Cadillac features the 2009 Escalade Hybrid, the world’s first fuel-saving hybrid applied to a large luxury SUV. Powered by an innovative, fuel-saving advanced hybrid system, Escalade Hybrid will deliver more than a 50-percent improvement in fuel economy in city driving – while delivering the same distinctive style, segment-leading features and full-size capability that have made the Escalade an icon.
Cadillac also brings the Cadillac Provoq concept featuring a fuel cell version of GM’s E-Flex electric propulsion system. It was unveiled last week at the Consumer Electronics Show.
Saturn, which has undergone a total product renaissance during the past two years, brings a fuel-saving production vehicle and concept vehicles to the show, demonstrating the brand’s continuing value-driven connection to its customers.
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20 January 2008
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Saturn Vue Green Line Plug-in Hybrid SUV May Begin Production in 2010
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 Saturn Vue Green Line Plug-in Hybrid SUV
This Vue Green Line will use a modified version of GM's two-mode hybrid system and plug-in technology, a lithium-ion battery pack, highly efficient electronics and powerful electric motors to achieve significant increases in fuel economy. When the lithium-ion batteries are fully charged, the Vue plug-in hybrid will potentially double the fuel efficiency of any current SUV. After electric-only propulsion depletes the lithium-ion energy storage system to a specified level, the battery is replenished by utilizing the two-mode hybrid system's electric motors and regenerative brake systems.
In early testing, the Vue Green Line plug-in hybrid is capable of electric-only propulsion for more than 10 miles at low speeds. At higher speeds or when conditions demand it, such as brisk acceleration, a combination of engine and electric power or engine power-only drives the vehicle. The vehicle's lithium-ion batteries can be fully recharged in four to five hours by connecting the vehicle to any standard 110V household electrical outlet. The connection port on the vehicle will be integrated into the front fender.
The two-mode hybrid system to be introduced on the 2009 Saturn Vue Green Line 2 Mode will be altered for use with plug-in technology. In addition to plug-in capabilities and the modified two-mode hybrid system, the Saturn Vue Green Line hybrid SUV's powertrain will feature two interior permanent magnet motors within the two-mode transmission and GM's 3.6L V-6 VVT gasoline engine with direct injection. The lithium-ion energy storage system will be replenished by utilizing the two-mode hybrid system's electric motors and regenerative braking systems.
The Saturn Vue Green Line plug-in maintains two driving modes - one for city driving, the other for highway driving - and four fixed mechanical gears to maximize efficiency while maintaining performance. In addition, special controls will be utilized to enable higher speeds during electric-only propulsion and maintain electric-only propulsion for longer periods of time.
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15 January 2008
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Archer Daniels Midland Company, Bayer CropScience and Daimler to cooperate in Jatropha biodiesel project
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Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM), Bayer CropScience AG and Daimler AG plan to jointly explore the potential for a biodiesel industry based on Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.). A respective Memorandum of Understanding was signed by the companies. Jatropha, a tropical plant from the Euphorbia family, is seen by the three cooperating partners as a promising alternative energy feedstock for the production of biodiesel. Biodiesel derived from Jatropha nut kernels has properties similar to those of biofuels obtained from oilseed rapes. It is also characterized by a positive CO2 balance and can thus contribute to protecting the climate.
Jatropha is actually a “wild plant”, and therefore it has never been professionally cultivated. Recent studies show a potential of approximately 30 million hectares of land on which this plant could be grown, especially in South America, Africa and in Asian countries such as China, India or Indonesia. Since Jatropha can be cultivated on barren land, it does not compete for land that is being used for food production, and thus provides farmers with an additional source of income.
Jatropha originates from Cental America, and was transported to Africa and Asia by Portuguese sailors on their voyages round the world. It is a hardy, drought tolerant plant and can be cultivated in tropical and sub-tropical regions, and even on degredaded soil. It requires very little water or fertilizer. The plant is an excellent source of renewable energy because its seeds contain more than 30 percent oil. Furthermore, it is excellent for preventing soil erosion caused by water and/or wind. Jatropha can be maintained economically for 30 to 40 years.
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11 December 2007
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Shell steps up commitment to sustainable mobility at Michelin Challenge Bibendum Shanghai
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Shell today reaffirmed its commitment to achieve sustainable mobility through the development of various alternative sources of energy at the Michelin Challenge Bibendum conference held in Shanghai, China. Speaking to more than 3,000 delegates at the Michelin Challenge Bibendum conference, Mr. Pirret outlined the Shell strategy to enable more sustainable transport through three avenues: partnership with Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM); developing fuels, lubricants and other products that can deliver cleaner, more energy-efficient transport; and working with consumers to help them improve their vehicle fuel efficiency.
With partners such as Renault-Nissan, Volkswagen and Mercedes, Shell has been developing advanced lubricants to meet OEMs’ specific requirements. One result of the OEM partnership is the development of LowSAPs, or low sulphated ash, phosphorous and sulphur lubricants that can optimize the efficiency of the engines’ after-treatment systems. In China, Shell has built partnerships with more than 40 major auto manufacturers, including Volkswagen, Renault-Nissan, Shanghai General Motors, Suzuki and FAW, in an effort to provide the best lubricant and fuels products and services to Chinese consumers.
To ensure that there is a steady supply of fuel for future generations and to reduce CO2 emissions, Shell is continuously looking for better ways to extract oil from unconventional sources like sand and shale, and develop alternative fuel sources. Gas-to-liquid Fuel, or GTL is one example of an alternative fuel source that Shell is developing. GTL Fuels can be delivered using existing fuel infrastructure and can be used in conventional diesel engines without the need for modification. Shell is also exploring and developing second-generation biofuels and hydrogen.
Yvonnick Gazeau | | Top of page |
6 December 2007
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Valeo’s Xenon Mercury-Free Bulb
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Xenon bulbs use an electroluminescent process to generate light in an electrical arc. This arc is ignited in a glass cavity that contains different elements that facilitate the start-up phase and guarantee the light composition. Today’s xenon bulbs contain a small amount of mercury, required during the ignition phase. After intensive research we are now able to produce bulbs containing no hazardous materials.
Owing to the new composition of the filling elements, the driving conditions and the optical properties of the bulb have changed. The driving voltage has fallen from 85 Volts to 42 Volts, almost doubling the driving current, and the nominal luminous flux has dropped slightly.
Both new Valeo headlamps in the new Audi A5 coupé and the Toyota Auris are using this new environmentally friendly technology without compromising the performance of the overall system. Valeo is the first supplier to market a Mercury-Free Bi-function Xenon System.
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27 November 2007
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Delphi common rail system helps Renault Logan ECO2 Concept achieve record at Michelin’s Bibendum Challenge
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Delphi has developed and installed in collaboration with Renault one of its “greenest” systems ever to assist the automobile manufacturer in participating in Michelin’s Bibendum Challenge in China this November. The Challenge, now in its eighth year, researches “clean” vehicles in actual operating conditions.
The Delphi Multec Common Rail fuel injection system includes a high pressure pump, a spherical distribution rail and an ECU which are Euro 4 standard compliant, and solenoid injectors which were developed for Euro5 programs. Delphi also adapted a software prototype specific to this application and participated in developing strategies to optimize fuel consumption. The combined efforts enabled the car, during the Bibendum Challenge Rallye, to boast record an exceptional low CO2 emissions of 71g/km which corresponds to a fuel consumption level of 2,72l/100km (87 miles/gallon).
“For a car of that segment it is an excellent result” says Delphi Diesel's general manager José Avila. “Knowing that even if the concept car is a prototype, its technical characteristics have been defined to make its industrialization highly feasible. “
Yvonnick Gazeau | | Top of page |
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